information for using detonators and containers

typology of detonators
 
 

- fire detonators
- electric detonators
- nonelectric detonators
- percussion detonators

detonators power scale
 
 

• the sellier-bellot scale: from n.1 to n.10
• the most commonly used detonators n.8 are made
  - up of 1 g of pentrite
  - and 0,5 g of a mixture of lead azide
  - and lead stifnate
• the energy produced by explosion of detonators n.8 is:
  - 1,5 kcal = 1,5 x 427 kgm = 640 kgm

effects generated by explosion of detonators
 
 

• mechanical
  - shock wave
  - catapulting metal fragments
  - gas expansion
• thermal
  - rising of temperature
• acoustical
• luminous

kinds of stress caused by explosion of detonators
 
 

• mechanical stress - based on "berta"-test
  - pentrite:  2kg - 30cm ~ 5,9 joule
  - lead azostifnate: 2kg - 9cm ~ 1,8 joule
• mechanical shock
• explosive shock
• thermal shock - temperature of explosion
• directly exposed to the source of heat
  - pentrite  215° C
  - lead azostifnate 257° C
• electric energy
  - directly
  - electrostatic
  - induced

the ideal protection for detonators provided by container


a safety container has to protect detonators effectively from any kind of



• mechanical stress
• thermal shock